{"id":1286,"date":"2024-07-06T05:06:26","date_gmt":"2024-07-06T05:06:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/10.6.1.79\/psbguides\/?p=1286"},"modified":"2024-07-07T02:47:43","modified_gmt":"2024-07-07T02:47:43","slug":"copyright-for-researchers-copyright","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/copyright-for-researchers-copyright\/","title":{"rendered":"Copyright for Researchers"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1286\" class=\"elementor elementor-1286\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e473112 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e473112\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ede10f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2ede10f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Copyright for Researchers<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d59cec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0d59cec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Copyright<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-700edb8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"700edb8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4ed61e elementor-nav-menu__align-center elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-tablet elementor-nav-menu__text-align-aside elementor-nav-menu--toggle elementor-nav-menu--burger elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"f4ed61e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg aria-hidden=\\&quot;true\\&quot; class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-down\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 320 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M31.3 192h257.3c17.8 0 26.7 21.5 14.1 34.1L174.1 354.8c-7.8 7.8-20.5 7.8-28.3 0L17.2 226.1C4.6 213.5 13.5 192 31.3 192z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;},&quot;toggle&quot;:&quot;burger&quot;,&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Menu\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-f4ed61e\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-1293\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/copyright-for-researchers-copyright\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Copyright<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-1311\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/copyright-for-researchers-authorship-and-ip\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Authorship and IP<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-1318\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/copyright-for-researchers-3rd-party-copyright\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">3rd Party Copyright<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-1333\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/copyright-for-researchers-creative-commons\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Creative Commons<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-1340\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/copyright-for-researchers-resources\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Resources<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-1347\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/copyright-for-researchers-copyright-terminology\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Copyright Terminology<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-toggle\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Menu Toggle\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--open e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-menu-bar\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M104 333H896C929 333 958 304 958 271S929 208 896 208H104C71 208 42 237 42 271S71 333 104 333ZM104 583H896C929 583 958 554 958 521S929 458 896 458H104C71 458 42 487 42 521S71 583 104 583ZM104 833H896C929 833 958 804 958 771S929 708 896 708H104C71 708 42 737 42 771S71 833 104 833Z\"><\/path><\/svg><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--close e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-close\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M742 167L500 408 258 167C246 154 233 150 217 150 196 150 179 158 167 167 154 179 150 196 150 212 150 229 154 242 171 254L408 500 167 742C138 771 138 800 167 829 196 858 225 858 254 829L496 587 738 829C750 842 767 846 783 846 800 846 817 842 829 829 842 817 846 804 846 783 846 767 842 750 829 737L588 500 833 258C863 229 863 200 833 171 804 137 775 137 742 167Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-f4ed61e\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-1293\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/copyright-for-researchers-copyright\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Copyright<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-1311\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/copyright-for-researchers-authorship-and-ip\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Authorship and IP<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-1318\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/copyright-for-researchers-3rd-party-copyright\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">3rd Party Copyright<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-1333\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/copyright-for-researchers-creative-commons\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Creative Commons<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-1340\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/copyright-for-researchers-resources\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Resources<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-1347\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/copyright-for-researchers-copyright-terminology\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Copyright Terminology<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e681e45 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e681e45\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a93a171 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a93a171\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0fc78b3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0fc78b3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-363998f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"363998f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Introduction<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bc4b53 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4bc4b53\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"732\" height=\"370\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1288 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-src=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/crbanner2.jpg\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a616db3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a616db3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6422430 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6422430\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3046480 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3046480\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0891a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f0891a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Top 5 Copyright Misconceptions<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0133ce4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0133ce4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"214\" height=\"1024\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1289 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-src=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/infographic.jpg\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2753f3e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2753f3e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>(Source:\u00a0Brainstudy.info, n.d.)<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a37487 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0a37487\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-155eebb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"155eebb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-769dfc3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"769dfc3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is copyright?<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89d857d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"89d857d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Copyright is one of a group of rights which help to ensure that a work is not used without the permission of the person or company who holds the rights. Copyright is automatically granted once a work has been produced in a tangible form, either physical or digital &#8211;\u00a0for example once it has been written down. In most cases the first\u00a0copyright holder is the author or creator of the work but this can change.<\/p><p>It is important that researchers understand copyright regulations as these affect both what they are allowed to use in their work and how they share\u00a0it with others. Library\u00a0have launched a copyright advice service in order to provide help and support to researchers on copyright matters. If you require assistance with copyright issue please contact the library at\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:uumlib@uum.edu.my?subject=Assistance%20for%20Copyright%20Issue&amp;body=Full%20name%3A%0APhone%20%2F%20Extension%20number%3A%0AUUM%20Student%20%2F%20Staff%20number%3A%0AColleges%3A%0A%0AMessage%3A%0A%0A%0A\">uumlib@uum.edu.my<\/a>\u00a0or fill\u00a0the form at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/contact-us\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact us<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1232ae9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1232ae9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b288e7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b288e7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The importance of copyright<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d63aeee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d63aeee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Copyright is important as information has a value in many different forms including monetary and educational value. Copyright is important as it helps protect that value by giving owners of a work the ability to protect their interests in the work. Which means \u00a0preventing \u00a0significant copying of their work to the degree where they cannot sell it effectively. \u00a0In this way copyright encourages creativity, as it provides an incentive\u00a0to creators to\u00a0 allow\u00a0them to gain rewards and recognition for\u00a0their works.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e105430 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"e105430\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/8DmB_eZrp3g&quot;,&quot;lazy_load&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0e684b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f0e684b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>(Source: Horowitz, C., 2015)<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-823fa22 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"823fa22\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-478c910 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"478c910\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Who is this guide for?<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abacecd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"abacecd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"s-lg-link-list-22739561\" class=\"s-lg-link-list s-lg-link-list-2\"><li><div id=\"s-lg-content-20179886\"><p>Copyright is something all of those involved in academia will have to deal with at some point in their careers. It is a complex area which presents different challenges to each audience. This guide will focus on areas of copyright likely to be applicable to researchers looking to share their work, including making a PhD thesis available via Open Access.<\/p><p>Please note that the information contained in this guide does not constitute legal advice. Copyright law is different across the globe.<\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b31f99d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b31f99d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01a55bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"01a55bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is protected and not protected by copyright<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52ed77c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"52ed77c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table><tbody><tr><td width=\"301\"><p><strong>Copyrightable Works<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"301\"><p><strong>Not Copyrightable<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"301\"><p>Literary works<\/p><\/td><td width=\"301\"><p>Works not fixed in a tangible form (e.g., ideas)<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"301\"><p>Musical works (including accompanying lyrics)<\/p><\/td><td width=\"301\"><p>Short phrases, slogans, commercial symbols\/colours. (NOTE &#8211; these may be protected by other intellectual property laws such as trademark law)<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"301\"><p>Dramatic works<\/p><\/td><td width=\"301\"><p>Procedures, methods, systems, processes, concepts, principles, discoveries, or devices as distinguished from a description, explanation or illustration. (NOTE &#8211; these may be protected by other intellectual property laws such as patent law)<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"301\"><p>Choreographic works and pantomimes (must be fixed in a tangible form, e.g., recorded or notated)<\/p><\/td><td width=\"301\"><p>Works consisting entirely of common data\u00a0or entirely of facts (e.g., calendar, telephone book, weights\/measures charts)<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"301\"><p>Pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works<\/p><\/td><td width=\"301\"><p>Spontaneous speeches that have not been formally fixed into a tangible form<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"301\"><p>Motion pictures and other A\/V works<\/p><\/td><td width=\"301\"><p>Spontaneous musical or choreograph works<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"301\"><p>Sound recordings<\/p><\/td><td width=\"301\"><p>Federal government documents (mostly). Some state government documents (see\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/copyright.lib.harvard.edu\/states\/\">http:\/\/copyright.lib.harvard.edu\/states\/<\/a>\u00a0for a guide to copyright status of state government documents)<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"301\"><p>Architectural plans<\/p><\/td><td width=\"301\"><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"301\"><p>Computer programs<\/p><\/td><td width=\"301\"><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f518f9b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f518f9b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-deada91 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"deada91\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How long is a work protected by copyright?<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ebd7298 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ebd7298\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol><li>Literary, Musical or Artistic Works<br \/>Generally, this categories of copyright work reflects to the human beings which shall subsist during the life of the author plus 50 years after his death.<\/li><li>Film, Sound Recordings and Performer<br \/>This categories of copyright work shall subsist for 50 years from the work was published, fixed in a fixation for the film and sound recording. For performer, the copyright work shall subsist from the performances was perform or fixation in a sound recording.<\/li><li>Broadcasts<br \/>For the copyright in broadcasts, it protection occurred in way of transmission either by wire or wireless means, the period for fifty years shall be computed from the which the broadcasts was first made.<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5879a12 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5879a12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48b3848 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"48b3848\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a35242 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2a35242\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2dbfc6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e2dbfc6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Plagiarism vs. Copyright Infringement<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73c63b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73c63b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table class=\"table table-bordered\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"ck_border\">\u00a0<\/td><td class=\"ck_border\"><strong>Plagiarism<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"ck_border\"><strong>Copyright\u00a0Infringement<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"ck_border\">What Is It?<\/td><td class=\"ck_border\">Plagiarism occurs when you use someone else\u2019s words or ideas without giving credit to the original author.<\/td><td class=\"ck_border\"><p>Copyright infringement can occur if you infringe on the exclusive rights given to an author\/creator. Those six rights are:<\/p><ul><li>Reproduce or make copies of the work<\/li><li>Distribute copies of the work<\/li><li>Create a derivative work<\/li><li>Display the work publicly<\/li><li>Perform the work publicly<\/li><li>Publicly perform sound recordings by means of digital audio transmission<\/li><\/ul><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"ck_border\">Who enforces the rules?<\/td><td class=\"ck_border\">Instructors, academic units, and institutions as a whole may enforce a variety of penalties for plagiarism.<\/td><td class=\"ck_border\">A copyright owner or their authorized agent may bring a claim of copyright infringement. Claims of copyright infringement may be settled in or out of court between the copyright owner and the alleged infringer. An expensive lawsuit could result, where a judge or jury determines whether infringement has occurred and if so, what the penalty will be.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"ck_border\">How can I avoid it?<\/td><td class=\"ck_border\">Use quotation marks and ellipses when quoting directly from another source. When you summarize or paraphrase material, restate it in your own words. Whether quoting or paraphrasing, always credit the source!<\/td><td class=\"ck_border\"><p>There are many options for using copyrighted material without infringing:<\/p><ul><li>Determine if your use falls under a statutory exception, such as Fair Use<\/li><li>Comply with existing license terms or terms of use if available<\/li><li>Request permission from the copyright owner to use the work<\/li><\/ul><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88a5278 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"88a5278\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84e49cc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84e49cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4aac1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f4aac1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Reference<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae67a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ae67a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>University of Cambridge. (2021).\u00a0<em>Copyright for Researchers: Copyright introduction<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/libguides.cam.ac.uk\/copyright\/researchers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/libguides.cam.ac.uk\/copyright\/researchers<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Copyright for Researchers Copyright Introduction Top 5 Copyright Misconceptions (Source:\u00a0Brainstudy.info, n.d.) What is copyright? Copyright is one of a group of rights which help to ensure that a work is not used without the permission of the person or company who holds the rights. Copyright is automatically granted once a work has been produced in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4,16,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1286","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-all-guides","category-copyright-for-researchers","category-topic-guides"],"aioseo_notices":[],"modified_by":"guideadmin","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1286","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1286"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1286\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1286"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1286"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1286"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}