{"id":2959,"date":"2024-07-14T08:09:40","date_gmt":"2024-07-14T08:09:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/10.6.1.79\/psbguides\/?p=2959"},"modified":"2024-07-14T08:20:33","modified_gmt":"2024-07-14T08:20:33","slug":"fake-news-source-evaluation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/fake-news-source-evaluation\/","title":{"rendered":"Fake News: Source Evaluation"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2959\" class=\"elementor elementor-2959\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e473112 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e473112\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ede10f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2ede10f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fake News: Source Evaluation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d59cec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0d59cec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Home<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-700edb8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"700edb8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4ed61e elementor-nav-menu__align-center elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-tablet elementor-nav-menu__text-align-aside elementor-nav-menu--toggle elementor-nav-menu--burger elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"f4ed61e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg aria-hidden=\\&quot;true\\&quot; class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-down\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 320 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M31.3 192h257.3c17.8 0 26.7 21.5 14.1 34.1L174.1 354.8c-7.8 7.8-20.5 7.8-28.3 0L17.2 226.1C4.6 213.5 13.5 192 31.3 192z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;},&quot;toggle&quot;:&quot;burger&quot;,&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Menu\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-f4ed61e\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2969\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/fake-news-source-evaluation\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Home<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-3066\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/fake-news-source-evaluation-how-to-spot-fake-news\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">How to Spot Fake News<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-3081\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/fake-news-source-evaluation-what-can-you-do\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">What Can You Do?<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-3096\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/fake-news-source-evaluation-fake-news-about-covid-19\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Fake News about Covid-19<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-toggle\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Menu Toggle\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--open e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-menu-bar\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M104 333H896C929 333 958 304 958 271S929 208 896 208H104C71 208 42 237 42 271S71 333 104 333ZM104 583H896C929 583 958 554 958 521S929 458 896 458H104C71 458 42 487 42 521S71 583 104 583ZM104 833H896C929 833 958 804 958 771S929 708 896 708H104C71 708 42 737 42 771S71 833 104 833Z\"><\/path><\/svg><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--close e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-close\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M742 167L500 408 258 167C246 154 233 150 217 150 196 150 179 158 167 167 154 179 150 196 150 212 150 229 154 242 171 254L408 500 167 742C138 771 138 800 167 829 196 858 225 858 254 829L496 587 738 829C750 842 767 846 783 846 800 846 817 842 829 829 842 817 846 804 846 783 846 767 842 750 829 737L588 500 833 258C863 229 863 200 833 171 804 137 775 137 742 167Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-f4ed61e\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2969\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/fake-news-source-evaluation\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Home<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-3066\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/fake-news-source-evaluation-how-to-spot-fake-news\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">How to Spot Fake News<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-3081\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/fake-news-source-evaluation-what-can-you-do\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">What Can You Do?<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-3096\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/fake-news-source-evaluation-fake-news-about-covid-19\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Fake News about Covid-19<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52e87f5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"52e87f5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2aa1299 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2aa1299\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57b39a2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"57b39a2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3dbd9cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3dbd9cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Introduction<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e44407 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5e44407\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"84\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2961 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-src=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Fake-News-Banner-fino.png\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0cb9c50 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0cb9c50\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5eb0eb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5eb0eb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38a599b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"38a599b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf7662b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cf7662b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is Fake News?<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0c3f0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f0c3f0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Noun.<\/em>\u00a0False or inaccurate information, shared via traditional media or online, that is presented as a factual news story, image or video.<\/p><p><strong>Related terms:<\/strong>\u00a0Misinformation, Alternative Facts, Echo Chamber, Confirmation Bias, Filter Bubble<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><em>Fake news is not news you disagree with.<\/em><\/p><p>&#8220;Fake news&#8221; is &#8220;fabricated information that mimics news media content in form but not in organizational process or intent. Fake-news outlets, in turn, lack the news media&#8217;s editorial norms and processes for ensuring the accuracy and credibility of information. Fake news overlaps with other information disorders, such as misinformation (false or misleading information) and disinformation (false information that is purposely spread to deceive people).&#8221; [<a href=\"http:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/359\/6380\/1094.full\">David M. J. Lazer, et al., &#8220;The Science of Fake News,&#8221;\u00a0<em>Science<\/em>\u00a009 Mar 2018: Vol. 359, Issue 6380, pp. 1094-1096.<\/a>].<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><em>So what is fake news?\u00a0\u00a0Why does it exist and why is it so believable?<\/em><\/p><p>Fake news usually is created to mislead readers for specific purposes such as financial gain through web traffic or to persuade or further specific viewpoints. \u00a0Because of this, it is important to think critically about all the information we read, hear, and see. \u00a0Bias is often present in all news, but fake news can be especially biased toward specific viewpoints.<\/p><p><strong>What can we do?\u00a0<\/strong><em>Check the facts.<\/em><\/p><p><strong>Look for:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><em>Credentials or Authorship\u00a0<\/em>&#8211; Who has written\/filmed\/photographed this? \u00a0Who are they? \u00a0What do they know about the topic? \u00a0And do you trust them?<\/li><li><em>Bias<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Is it trying to persuade you? \u00a0Is it only representing one point of view?<\/li><li><em>The Date<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; When was it written, published, filmed, released, etc.? \u00a0Is there even a date?<\/li><li><em>Sources<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; If it is making specific claims or citing facts can you tell where or who they are coming from?<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2dbfc5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d2dbfc5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4771f59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4771f59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Characteristics of Fake News<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29b091b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"29b091b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the most general form, fake news has three characteristics:\u00a0<\/p><ul><li>factually inaccurate<\/li><li>optimized for sharing<\/li><li>meant to obscure or distort with emotions;\u00a0preying on prejudice or bias<\/li><\/ul><p>A news story is not fake simply because it is impolite or inconvenient.\u00a0 A news story that challenges your beliefs or values isn&#8217;t fake news.\u00a0 \u00a0A news story that is rejected by those in power does not make that story a fake news story either.\u00a0 Case in point, Richard Nixon denied his involvement in Watergate at first too.\u00a0<\/p><h4>What is not fake news?<\/h4><ul><li>Satire (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theonion.com\/\">TheOnion<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebeaverton.com\/\">TheBeaverton<\/a>)<\/li><li>Honest reporting mistakes<\/li><li>Journalism you don&#8217;t like<br \/>\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><h4>Types of Fake News:<\/h4><ul><li><strong>Clickbait:<\/strong>\u00a0a story, often\u00a0sensational or featuring a sensational headline, geared toward getting \u201cclicks\u201d (to generate ad revenue)<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2962 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" data-src=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/clickbait2.png\"><br \/>\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Sponsored content:<\/strong>\u00a0a story that is made to appear as independent journalism when in fact it is public relations or advertising<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2963 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"129\" data-src=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/sponsored_content.png\"><br \/>\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Fabricated journalism:<\/strong>\u00a0news stories that are completely made up (including fabricated quotes and sources, etc.)<br \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2964 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"289\" data-src=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/fabricated.png\"><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-289323d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"289323d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2baa916 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2baa916\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30ccc0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"30ccc0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Why Do People Fall For Fake News?<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d75308 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8d75308\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Fake News is easy to fall for, for a number of reasons:<\/p><ul><li>a growing decline in trust of the media and government<\/li><li>people can now create content unburdened by the layers of editing and fact-checking that news\u00a0organisations adhere to<\/li><li>content is aggregated into a single \u201cnews\u201d feed \u2013 mixing updates from friends and family with identical-looking links to stories across the web<\/li><li>lower attention spans<\/li><li>fake news stories appeal to our emotions<\/li><li>proliferation\u00a0of internet bots\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><strong>Bias<\/strong><\/p><p>We all have biases.\u00a0 However, it is up to us to recognize those biases and keep them in check.<\/p><p><strong>Implicit bias<\/strong>: implicit bias refers to the attitudes or stereotypes that affect our understanding, actions, and decisions in an unconscious manner. Implicit bias is grounded in a basic human tendency to divide the social world into groups. We are inclined to trust people we consider a member of our own group more than those of a different group.\u00a0 Social media (Facebook, twitter and the like) tend cultivate an information bubble &#8211; friends and family that share the same values and points of view.<\/p><p><strong>Confirmation bias<\/strong>: is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one&#8217;s preexisting beliefs or hypotheses. We don\u2019t perceive circumstances objectively. We pick out those bits of data that make us feel good because they confirm our preconceived notion of how things are supposed to be.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abb2ce6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"abb2ce6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c053b1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c053b1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">(Adapted from: ACC Library, 2021)<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27893d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"27893d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"624\" height=\"1024\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2965 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-src=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/fn1.png\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56b2295 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"56b2295\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48a79a6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"48a79a6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05f3a3a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"05f3a3a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Reference<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93f6a63 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"93f6a63\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>ACC Library. (2021).\u00a0<em>Fake News and Alternative Facts: Finding Accurate News<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/researchguides.austincc.edu\/c.php?g=612891&amp;p=4257736\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/researchguides.austincc.edu\/c.php?g=612891&amp;p=4257736<\/a><\/li><li>Drexel University Libraries. (2021).\u00a0<em>Fake News: Source Evaluation<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/libguides.library.drexel.edu\/fake_news\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/libguides.library.drexel.edu\/fake_news<\/a><\/li><li>Lewandowsky, S., Ecker, U. K., &amp; Cook, J. (2017). Beyond misinformation: Understanding and coping with the \u201cpost-truth\u201d era.\u00a0<em>Journal of applied research in memory and cognition,<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jarmac.2017.07.008\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jarmac.2017.07.008<\/a><\/li><li>Tarran, B. (2017). Why facts are not enough in the fight against fake news.\u00a0<em>Significance<\/em>, 14(5), 6-7.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1740-9713.2017.01066.x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1740-9713.2017.01066.x<\/a><\/li><li id=\"s-lib-bc-customer\">Thompson Rivers University Library. (2019).\u00a0Fake News.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/libguides.tru.ca\/fakenews\/spot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/libguides.tru.ca\/fakenews\/spot<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fake News: Source Evaluation Home Introduction What is Fake News? Noun.\u00a0False or inaccurate information, shared via traditional media or online, that is presented as a factual news story, image or video. Related terms:\u00a0Misinformation, Alternative Facts, Echo Chamber, Confirmation Bias, Filter Bubble \u00a0 Fake news is not news you disagree with. &#8220;Fake news&#8221; is &#8220;fabricated information [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4,77,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2959","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-all-guides","category-fake-news-source-evaluation","category-topic-guides"],"aioseo_notices":[],"modified_by":"guideadmin","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2959","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2959"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2959\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2959"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2959"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2959"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}