{"id":628,"date":"2024-07-03T10:48:04","date_gmt":"2024-07-03T10:48:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/10.6.1.79\/psbguides\/?p=628"},"modified":"2024-07-07T11:45:38","modified_gmt":"2024-07-07T11:45:38","slug":"apa-citation-style-7th-edition-secondary-sources","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-secondary-sources\/","title":{"rendered":"APA Citation Style, 7th edition: Secondary Sources"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"628\" class=\"elementor elementor-628\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e473112 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e473112\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ede10f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2ede10f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">APA Citation Style, 7th edition<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45d5781 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"45d5781\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Secondary Sources<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-700edb8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"700edb8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e70e146 elementor-nav-menu__align-center elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-tablet elementor-nav-menu__text-align-aside elementor-nav-menu--toggle elementor-nav-menu--burger elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"e70e146\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg aria-hidden=\\&quot;true\\&quot; class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-down\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 320 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M31.3 192h257.3c17.8 0 26.7 21.5 14.1 34.1L174.1 354.8c-7.8 7.8-20.5 7.8-28.3 0L17.2 226.1C4.6 213.5 13.5 192 31.3 192z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;},&quot;toggle&quot;:&quot;burger&quot;,&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Menu\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-e70e146\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-247\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-apa-6th-7th-comparison\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">APA 6th \/7th Comparison<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-294\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-books\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Books<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-301\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-one-author-or-editor\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">One Author or Editor<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-335\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-two-authors-or-two-editors\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Two Authors or Two Editors<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-341\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-three-to-five-authors-or-editors\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Three to Five Authors or Editors<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-347\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-article-of-chapter-in-an-edited-book\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Article of Chapter in an Edited Book<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-353\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-article-in-a-reference-book\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Article in a Reference Book<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-371\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-no-author\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">No Author<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-377\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-e-books\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">E-Books<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-383\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-edition-other-than-the-first\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Edition other than the First<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-389\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-translation\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Translation<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-395\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-government-publication\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Government Publication<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-402\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-journals\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Journals<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-408\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-journal-article-with-one-author\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Journal Article with One Author<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-417\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-journal-article-with-2-authors\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Journal Article with 2 Authors<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-436\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-journal-article-with-3-7-authors\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Journal Article with 3 \u2013 7 Authors<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-442\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-journal-article-7-or-more-authors\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Journal Article 7 or more Authors<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-448\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-magazine-article\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Magazine Article<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-454\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-newspaper-article\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Newspaper Article<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-462\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-database\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Database<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-469\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-web-sites\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Web Sites<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-475\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-basic-web-page\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Basic Web Page<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-484\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-web-page-from-a-university-site\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Web Page from a University Site<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-490\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-web-page-with-no-author\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Web Page with No Author<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-497\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-blog-post\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Blog Post<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-503\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-entry-in-a-reference-work\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Entry in a Reference Work<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-509\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-government-document\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Government Document<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-516\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-audiovisual-media\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Audiovisual Media<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-522\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-film-and-television\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Film and Television<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-529\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-youtube-video\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">YouTube Video<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-535\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-audio-podcast\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Audio Podcast<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-541\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-episodes\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Episodes<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-547\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-figures-images\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Figures\/Images<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-553\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-electronic-image\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Electronic Image<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-559\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-figures\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Figures<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-566\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-social-media\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Social Media<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-572\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-facebook\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Facebook<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-578\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-twitter-instagram\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Twitter\/Instagram<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-591\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-thesis-or-dissertation\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Thesis or Dissertation<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-601\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-other-sources\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Other Sources<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-608\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-interview\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Interview<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-615\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-lectures-ppt\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Lectures\/PPT<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-621\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-e-mail\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">E-mail<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-627\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-conferences\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Conferences<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-633\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-secondary-sources\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Secondary Sources<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-640\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-citation-support\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Citation Support<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-646\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-additional-citation-styles-support\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Additional Citation Styles &#038; Support<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-654\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-avoiding-plagiarism\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Avoiding Plagiarism<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-661\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-formatting-your-paper\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Formatting Your Paper<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-675\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-in-text-citations-paraphrasing-and-quoting\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">In-Text Citations, Paraphrasing and Quoting<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-230\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-general-style-guidelines\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">General Style Guidelines<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-toggle\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Menu Toggle\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--open e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-menu-bar\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M104 333H896C929 333 958 304 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class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-247\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-apa-6th-7th-comparison\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">APA 6th \/7th Comparison<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-294\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-books\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Books<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-301\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-one-author-or-editor\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">One Author or Editor<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-335\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-two-authors-or-two-editors\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Two Authors or Two Editors<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-341\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-three-to-five-authors-or-editors\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Three to Five Authors or Editors<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-347\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-article-of-chapter-in-an-edited-book\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Article of Chapter in an Edited Book<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-353\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-article-in-a-reference-book\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Article in a Reference Book<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-371\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-no-author\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">No Author<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-377\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-e-books\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">E-Books<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-383\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-edition-other-than-the-first\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Edition other than the First<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-389\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-translation\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Translation<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-395\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-government-publication\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Government Publication<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-402\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-journals\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Journals<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-408\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-journal-article-with-one-author\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Journal Article with One Author<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-417\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-journal-article-with-2-authors\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Journal Article with 2 Authors<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-436\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-journal-article-with-3-7-authors\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Journal Article with 3 \u2013 7 Authors<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-442\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-journal-article-7-or-more-authors\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Journal Article 7 or more Authors<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-448\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-magazine-article\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Magazine Article<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-454\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-newspaper-article\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Newspaper Article<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-462\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-database\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Database<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-469\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-web-sites\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Web Sites<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-475\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-basic-web-page\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Basic Web Page<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-484\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-web-page-from-a-university-site\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Web Page from a University Site<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-490\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-web-page-with-no-author\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Web Page with No Author<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-497\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-blog-post\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Blog Post<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-503\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-entry-in-a-reference-work\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Entry in a Reference Work<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-509\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-government-document\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Government Document<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-516\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-audiovisual-media\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Audiovisual Media<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-522\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-film-and-television\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Film and Television<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-529\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-youtube-video\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">YouTube Video<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-535\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-audio-podcast\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Audio Podcast<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-541\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-episodes\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Episodes<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-547\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-figures-images\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Figures\/Images<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-553\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-electronic-image\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Electronic Image<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-559\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-figures\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Figures<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-566\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-social-media\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Social Media<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-572\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-facebook\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Facebook<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-578\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-twitter-instagram\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Twitter\/Instagram<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-591\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-thesis-or-dissertation\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Thesis or Dissertation<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-601\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-other-sources\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Other Sources<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-608\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-interview\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Interview<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-615\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-lectures-ppt\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Lectures\/PPT<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-621\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-e-mail\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">E-mail<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-627\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-conferences\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Conferences<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-633\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-secondary-sources\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Secondary Sources<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-640\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-citation-support\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Citation Support<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-has-children menu-item-646\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-additional-citation-styles-support\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Additional Citation Styles &#038; Support<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-654\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-avoiding-plagiarism\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Avoiding Plagiarism<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-661\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-formatting-your-paper\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Formatting Your Paper<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-675\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-in-text-citations-paraphrasing-and-quoting\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">In-Text Citations, Paraphrasing and Quoting<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-230\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/apa-citation-style-7th-edition-general-style-guidelines\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">General Style Guidelines<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09ea397 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"09ea397\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-191b4db e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"191b4db\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcb5054 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bcb5054\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83a7bfc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"83a7bfc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Helpful Tip!<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75404f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"75404f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"s-lg-content-48673101\" class=\" clearfix\"><div id=\"s-lg-content-48673110\" class=\" clearfix\"><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-280 alignleft lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"133\" data-src=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/question-mark1a-225x300-1.jpg\"><\/p><p>APA recommends one avoid secondary sources when possible.\u00a0 However, if it is not possible to track down the original work, it is okay to cite a secondary source. (APA Style Blog, apastyle.org)<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-518961f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"518961f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d88cfdb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d88cfdb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c430890 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c430890\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Secondary Sources<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-145c2f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"145c2f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"s-lg-content-48651659\" class=\" clearfix\"><div id=\"s-lg-content-48653665\" class=\" clearfix\"><div id=\"s-lg-content-48654644\" class=\" clearfix\"><div id=\"s-lg-content-48654692\" class=\" clearfix\"><div id=\"s-lg-content-48660527\" class=\" clearfix\"><div id=\"s-lg-content-48673097\" class=\" clearfix\"><div id=\"s-lg-content-48673128\" class=\" clearfix\"><div><p>Sometimes an author writes about research that someone else has done, but you are unable to track down the original research report.<\/p><p>In this case, because you did not read the original report, you will include only the source you did consult in your References.<\/p><p>The words \u201cas cited in\u201d in the parenthetical reference indicate you have not read the original research.<\/p><\/div><div><strong>General Format<\/strong>\u00a0<\/div><p>\u00a0<\/p><div>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong>In-Text Citation (Paraphrase):<\/strong>\u00a0<\/div><div>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(Author Surname, Year qtd. as cited in Author Surname [of the source you read], Year)<\/div><div>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/div><div>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong>In-Text Citation (Quotation):<\/strong><\/div><div>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(Author Surname, Year qtd. as cited in Author Surname [of the source you read],<\/div><div>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Year,\u00a0page number)<\/div><p>\u00a0<\/p><div>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong>References:<\/strong><\/div><div>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial [of the source you read]. (Year).\u00a0<em>Book title:<\/em><\/div><div><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Subtitle.<\/em>\u00a0Publisher.<\/div><p>\u00a0<\/p><div>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong>NOTE:\u00a0<\/strong>If you were using an indirect source from an article, refer to the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/guides.himmelfarb.gwu.edu\/APA\/journals\" target=\"_self\">journals<\/a><\/div><div>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0section of this guide.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><p>\u00a0<\/p><div><strong>Example<\/strong><\/div><p>\u00a0<\/p><div>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong>In-Text Citation (Paraphrase):<\/strong>\u00a0<\/div><div>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Fong\u2019s 2003 study (as cited in Bertram, 2009) found that older students\u2019 memory can<\/div><div>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0be as good\u00a0as that of young people, but this depends on how memory is tested.<\/div><p>\u00a0<\/p><div>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong>References:<br \/>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>Bertram, S.A. (2009).\u00a0<em>How we Remember: Testing our capacity to remember<\/em>. Jossey-Bass<\/div><div><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/em>Publishers.<\/div><div><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tip:<\/strong>\u00a0Do\u00a0<strong>not<\/strong>\u00a0include Fong (2003) in your References;\u00a0<strong>do<\/strong>\u00a0include Bertram (2009).<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a7af44 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9a7af44\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f76c4ec e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f76c4ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb40761 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fb40761\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Subject Guide<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3832176 elementor-widget elementor-widget-rttm-team-grid\" data-id=\"3832176\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"rttm-team-grid.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-team-container rt-elementor-container rt-pos-r rt-team-container-elementor rt-hover-zoom_in\" id=\"rt-team-container-1784087611\" data-layout=\"layout1\" data-desktop-col=\"1\" data-tab-col=\"2\" data-mobile-col=\"1\" data-sc-id=\"elementor\" data-rttm-pagination='{\"layout\":\"layout1\",\"dCols\":1,\"tCols\":2,\"mCols\":1,\"postIn\":[\"1348\"],\"postNotIn\":[],\"limit\":12,\"pagination\":false,\"postsPerPage\":\"\",\"order_by\":\"date\",\"order\":\"DESC\",\"department_ids\":[],\"designation_ids\":[],\"link\":true,\"fImg\":false,\"fImgSize\":\"medium\",\"customImgSize\":{\"crop\":\"\"},\"character_limit\":0,\"after_short_desc\":\"\",\"read_more_btn_text\":\"\",\"my_resume_text\":\"\",\"hire_me_text\":\"\",\"visibility\":[\"name\",\"designation\",\"short_bio\",\"email\",\"telephone\",\"mobile\",\"social\"],\"social_profiles\":[],\"posts_loading_type\":\"pagination\",\"load_more_text\":\"Load More\",\"relation\":\"AND\",\"iCol\":4,\"gridType\":\"even\",\"linkType\":\"external_link\",\"popupType\":\"single\",\"target\":\"_self\",\"grayscale\":false,\"stripedRow\":false,\"defaultImgId\":null,\"filter_buttons\":false,\"filters\":[],\"taxFilter\":\"team_department\",\"action_term\":0,\"isoFilterTaxonomy\":\"team_department\",\"filterType\":null,\"hide_all_button\":true,\"tItem\":0,\"fShowAll\":false,\"animation\":\"zoom_in\",\"image_flip\":false}'><div data-title=\"Loading ...\" class=\"rt-row rt-content-loader element-loading layout1 ttp-even ttp-pre-loader\"><div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-6 rt-col-xs-12   even-grid-item rt-grid-item rt-ready-animation animated fadeIn\" data-id=\"1348\"><div class=\"single-team-area\"><div class=\"single-team\"><figure><a class=\"\" data-id=\"1348\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/team\/siti-suriyani-muhamad\/\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"img-responsive rt-team-img lazyload\" alt=\"Siti Suriyani Muhamad\" data-src=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/suriyani-1000-x-1500-200x300.jpg\"><\/a><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"tlp-content\"><h3><span class=\"team-name\"><a class=\"\" data-id=\"1348\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Siti Suriyani Muhamad\" href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/team\/siti-suriyani-muhamad\/\">Siti Suriyani Muhamad<\/a><\/span><\/h3><div class=\"tlp-position\"><a class=\"\" data-id=\"1348\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Siti Suriyani Muhamad\" href=\"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/team\/siti-suriyani-muhamad\/\">Librarian<\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"contact-info\"><ul><li class=\"tlp-email\"><i class=\"far fa-envelope\"><\/i><a href=\"mailto:sitisuriyani@uum.edu.my\"><span class=\"tlp-email\">sitisuriyani@uum.edu.my<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"tlp-phone\"><i class=\"fa fa-phone-alt\"><\/i><a href=\"tel:+604 928 3638\" class=\"tlp-phone\">+604 928 3638<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"rt-loading-overlay full-op\"><\/div><div class=\"rt-loading rt-ball-clip-rotate\"><div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e29cff e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4e29cff\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b27fb1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1b27fb1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6756cfd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6756cfd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">References<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a064d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8a064d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library. (2021).\u00a0<em>APA Citation Style.\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/guides.himmelfarb.gwu.edu\/c.php?g=27741&amp;p=8099437\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/guides.himmelfarb.gwu.edu\/c.php?g=27741&amp;p=8099437<\/a><\/li><li>Wayne G. Basler Library. (2021).<em>\u00a0APA Citation Guide, 7th edition.<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/library.northeaststate.edu\/c.php?g=876268&amp;amp;p=6292368\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/library.northeaststate.edu\/c.php?g=876268&amp;amp;p=6292368<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>APA Citation Style, 7th edition Secondary Sources Helpful Tip! APA recommends one avoid secondary sources when possible.\u00a0 However, if it is not possible to track down the original work, it is okay to cite a secondary source. (APA Style Blog, apastyle.org) Secondary Sources Sometimes an author writes about research that someone else has done, but [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-628","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-apa-citation-style-7th-edition"],"aioseo_notices":[],"modified_by":"guideadmin","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/628","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=628"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/628\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=628"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=628"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.uum.edu.my\/psbguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=628"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}